How ISO week number works
ISO Week Number returns the ISO-8601 week number and ISO week-year for any date you select. ISO weeks run Monday through Sunday, and week 1 is always the week that contains the first Thursday of the calendar year. Because of this definition, the ISO week-year can differ from the calendar year for dates in the first or last few days of January or December. The calculation runs entirely in your browser; the date you look up never leaves your device.
The key detail to understand is the ISO week-year distinction. If 1 January falls on a Friday, Saturday or Sunday, those days belong to week 52 or 53 of the previous ISO year, not week 1 of the new calendar year. Conversely, if 31 December falls on a Monday, Tuesday or Wednesday, it already belongs to week 1 of the following ISO year. The tool shows both the week number and the ISO year so there is no ambiguity.